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MUSTANG
Slovo mustang pochádza zo šanielského slova mestena, čo znamená blúdiaci alebo bez majiteľa.A naozaj , toto plemeno sa podľa všetkého vyvinulo s koní, ktoré sem priviezli španielski dobyvatelia v 16. storočí.Niektoré z nich ušli a vytvoriac stáda sa udomácnili v prírode.Je všeobecne známe že mustngy sú veľmi plaché a prirodzene sa boja ľudí - čo neprekvapuje ,keď si uvedomíme, ako sme s nimi po tie roky zaobchádzali.No napriek tomu ich možno, ako väčšinu koní skrotiť.Využívajú sa na prácu s dobytkom - ich rýchlosť a obratnosť sú povestné.Predpokladá sa,že kone vyhynuli na americkom kontinente via než 10 000 rokov predtým, ako sem prišli španielský dobyvatelia, pričom skameneliny koní objavené v USA ukazujú , že predkovia prvých koní tam takmer určite boli.
Vývin koňa patrí k najlepši zmapovaným a najznámejším vôbec- konečné zníženie počtu prstov a postupné zvyšovanie veľkosti; prvý Eohippus či "kôň úsvitu" nebol vúčší ako líška a vládne názor, že pred 15 000 000 rokov žilo na území USA neuveriteľných 19 druhov koňovitých zvierat.
Kone však lovil človek i dravce, a tak sa ich populácia na izolovanom kontinente natoľko znížila , že vyhynuli.Odvtedy nežili v Amerike žiadne kone až do príchodu Španielov a ich "tátošov", čo malo zmeniť vývin kona na nepoznanie.
Medzi prvé dovezené plemená patrili andalúzske kone zo Španielska, sorraia z Portugalska a berberský kôň z Maroka.V divých tádach sa príležitostne ešte stále vyskytnú atavizmi týchto charakteristyckých plemien.No z veľkej väčšiny sú mustangy podsadité malé kone, sotva nižšie než 140 cm, ho ich výška sa môže meniť od 130 cm -160 cm Od príchodu do Ameriky sa k zmesi pridali ďalšie plemená, napr.
morgan,frízsky kôň a anglický plnokrvník.
V dôsledku veľkej rôznorodosti koní , z ktorých vznikli stáda mustangoy, mejú tieto kone len málo,alebo žiedne charakteristické znaky plemena; mávajú všetky možné sfarbenia,profily i veľkosti, všetky však majú tvrdé kopytá, zdravé nohy a pevnú stavbu.Ich najbežnejšou farbou je svetlogaštanová s ľanovožltou hrivou a chvostom a hnedá.Vidno však aj strakoša,žltáky a vraníky.Bez výberového chovu mal typický mustang v 19. storočí drsnú hlavu,jelení krk, kaprí chrbát a kravský postoj, inými slovami mal hrozný exteriét- ťaýko to bol romantický ideál divého koňa.
Hoci mustangovy chába postava a sila andaluzského koňa alebo svižná krása araba, je neuveriteľne otužilý so schopnosťou prežiť v najdrsnejšom teréne, a práve to ho zachránilo. Na začiatku 20. storočia sa počet divých koní v dôsledku lovu na mäso a zabíjania ň, aby sa zachránili cenné pastviny pre dobytok, zostalo v prírode nazačiatku 70. rokov menej než 20 000 kusov.Chytanie a odvážanie divých koní pre zisk sa stalo veľkým biznisom.
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